Reaction Paper to Through Deaf Eyes Essays

Reaction Paper to Through Deaf Eyes Essays Reaction Paper to Through Deaf Eyes Paper Reaction Paper to Through Deaf Eyes Paper Sign language is language that uses visual hand patterns to convey a meaning without using any vocal. It truly is a wonderful way of communication, although it was not always accepted in society. Wherever communities of deaf people exist, sign language develops. There was no stopping the advancement and the flourishing of the deaf culture. The movie Through Deaf Eyes was an inspiring documentary on deaf people and their struggle and triumph in society throughout history. I enjoyed watching the movie, Through Deaf Eyes. It was inspiring to really watch the way that deaf people were communicating. The way that they signed was like an art form in itself. Their facial expressions were so dramatic and full of detail. One thing that surprised me was how hard it was to lip read. Some of the people interviewed in the movie would sign without lips moving, some would sign with lips moving, and some would sign and speak. We discussed in class the difficult level of lip reading, but I did not think much of it until I tried to read the lips of the signers without them using speech. I can see that skill taking much practice. I always wondered to myself when people are deaf, does that mean that they cannot speak or use their voice. One highly educated woman in the movie signed that she prefers not to speak because sometimes people would assume that she was hearing but really, she was deaf. She spoke and had a wonderful, clear speaking voice. I wasnt expecting that. I do understand now why even if some deaf people can use their voices, they because it seems like it would lead to a one-way conversation. Although the hearing person would understand what the deaf person was conveying, the deaf person would not be able to understand the hearing person without lip reading or using sign language. A part in the movie that stuck out to me was when a deaf man was talking about an incident that he had while driving a car. A man was aggressively driving and beeping at the deaf man driving his car. When this man passed the deaf man, he said, What are you deaf? The deaf man who spoke and signed telling the story said he drove up to him and said, Yes, I am deaf! People who are hard of hearing are people and should be respected as such. Deaf people living in a hearing world have certainly made their mark in the hearing community. Deaf people can do anything that hearing people can do. They are not handicapped. They can sing in bands through sign, play sports and recite poetry just the same as hearing people can do. In the past, society was not always accepting of a deaf person. Their perspective was to fix it and make them hearing. But being deaf wasnt a loss; it was just a different culture. Learning about the hard times that deaf people had to overcome startles me. It is unreal to believe that society thought it was a good idea to separate the deaf and have them mate outside of the deaf because society was afraid that they would reproduce more deaf people. The deaf people had their own community and their own culture. Having their own community has given a good foundation for the next generation to learn and grow just as past generations have done so. The deaf community near gave up, through all the troubles and discrimination that they lived through. This truly was inspiring. Deaf children would normally go to a residential school Monday through Friday and come home on the weekends. By keeping the children together, they were able to learn about the deaf culture through the deaf community. The part of the movie where they played a sound clip of what a slightly deaf person hears was strange to listen to. I played it back a few times because I couldnt catch or make out what was being said. Then I thought, this is what deaf people go through everyday of their lives. If it was frustrating to me, I can only imagine how frustrating it can possibly be for a person who is hearing impaired. I never thought I took things as simple as making a phone call for granted, but after listening to an interview with a man, I had a different view. He reminisced on when he was in high school and he wanted to fit in with his friends that were dating on the weekends. He said he was too embarrassed to go up to the girl in person and much preferred telephoning the girl. But because his voice was unclear to understand he would have to ask his mother to call and ask for date. Young adults in my generation are all about the next best thing with technology. The next best things that are being made are impersonal ways of communication. I think sometimes we take advantage of what we were given. I am grateful that I am capable to make a phone call. Its one of my most favorite things to do. The movie Through Deaf Eyes was certainly eye opening. The movie took the viewer on an exploration of the history of Deaf life in America. The first person accounts and personal stories were at times surprising but inspirational. The deaf community has come a long way from where they started off. There is still discrimination living in a hearing world. After watching this movie, I have a newfound respect for the deaf community. They never gave up and continued to grow.

A Narrative History of the French Revolution

A Narrative History of the French Revolution Interested in the French Revolution? Read our 101 but want more? Then try this, a narrative history of the French Revolution designed to give you a firm grounding in the subject: its all the whats and whens. Its also a perfect platform for readers who want to go on and study the much debated whys. The French Revolution is the threshold between an early, proto modern Europe and the modern age, ushering in a change so huge and all encompassing that the continent was remade by the forces (and often the armies) unleashed. It was truly a pleasure to write this narrative, as the complex characters (how did Robespierre go from wanting the death penalty banned to the architect of rule by terror and mass execution), and the tragic events (including a declaration designed to save a monarchy which actually crippled it) unfold into a fascinating whole. History of the French Revolution Pre-Revolutionary FranceFrances history of piecemeal territorial expansion produced a jigsaw of different laws, rights and boundaries which some felt were ripe for reform. Society was also divided - by tradition - into three estates: the clergy, the nobility and everyone else. The Crisis of the 1780s and the Causes of the French RevolutionWhile historians still debate the precise long term causes of the revolution, all are in agreement that a financial crisis in the 1780s provided the short term trigger for revolution. The Estates General and the Revolution of 1789The French Revolution began when the third estate deputies of the Estates General declared themselves a National Assembly and verbally seized sovereignty from the King while the citizens of Paris rebelled against royal control and stormed the Bastille in search of arms. Recreating France 1789 – 91Having seized control of France, the deputies of the National Assembly began reforming the nation, scrapping rights and p rivileges and drawing up a new constitution. The Republican Revolution 1792In 1792 a second revolution took place, as Jacobins and sansculottes forced the Assembly to replace itself with a National Convention which abolished the monarchy, declared France a republic and in 1793 executed the king. Purges and Revolt 1793In 1793 tensions in the revolution finally exploded, especially in rural areas where conscription and laws against priests caused open and armed rebellion against the domination of the revolution by Parisians. The Terror 1793 – 94Faced with crises on all fronts, the Committee of Public Safety embarked on a bloody policy of terror, executing their enemies – real and imagined – with no real trials in an attempt to save the revolution. Over 16,000 were executed and over 10,000 died in prison. Thermidor 1794 - 95In 1794 Robespierre and the other terrorists were overthrown, leading to a backlash against his supporters and the laws they had en-acted. A new constitution was drawn up. The Directory, t he Consulate and the End of Revolution 1795 - 1802From 1795 to 1802 coups and military power played an increasing role in the rule of France, until an ambitious and highly successful young General called Napoleon Bonaparte seized power and had himself elected Consul for Life in 1802. He would later declare himself Emperor, and a debate about whether he ended the French Revolution would outlast him (and continue to this day). He certainly mastered the forces the revolution unleashed and tied together opposed forces. But France would search for stability for several decades yet. Related Reading on the French Revolution History of the GuillotineThe Guillotine is the classic physical symbol of the French Revolution, a machine designed for its cold blooded equality. This article takes a look at the history of both the guillotine and the similar machines which came before.

Calculus for Business Economics Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Calculus for Business Economics - Math Problem Example Thus . Or . 12. Same procedure as in the question no. 10. 20. (a) Given. So . Thus multiplying the two derivatives we get. (b) Similar as part (a). 24. (a) Given. Differentiating on both sides with respect to x, we get, which implies. So at given point (1, 2), the slope of the tangent to the curve is given by. (b) Given. Differentiating on both sides with respect to x, we get, which implies. So at given point (0, 3), the slope of tangent to the curve is given by. 50. Take the road towards east as x-axis and that towards north as y-axis. So their intersection is the origin. Set the clock at 0 at noon. After t hours the truck will be at point A (0, 70t) and the car will be at B (105(t-1), 0). So the distance S = AB is given by, which is equal to or simply. Thus . So required rate of change of distance at t = 2 is. 52. The quantity produced by the worker is given by. (a) So R(t) = Q'(t) = (b) Setting clock at 0 at 8:00 am., the time at 9:00 am is represented by t = 1. So R(1) =. (c) The time 9:06 am is represented by t = 1.1. So Q(1.1) - Q(1)R(1).(1.1 - 1) = (27)(0.1) = 2.7. (d) Q(1.1) - Q(1) = Q(1.1)- 27 can be calculated by actually substituting t = 1.1 in the expression for Q(t). 56. Given no. of units manufactured by the relation. The cost is given by. Now . So at t = 2, it is equal to 1663.2. 58. Letbe the error in the measurement of radius r. And be the error in the measurement of surface area. Here. So . That is, % error in S = 2(% error in r). As % error in S is no greater than 8%. So the largest % error in r is 4%. Chapter 3 18. Given. For critical values we solve or. This gives. Also, which is +ve for and is -ve for . So at there is a relative minimum and at there is a relative maximum. 22. Given. So . This gives the critical...Equating 6t and 90 + 0.5t, we can get t. Set the clock at 0 at noon. After t hours the truck will be at point A (0, 70t) and the car will be at B (105(t-1), 0). So the distance S = AB is given by, which is equal to or simply. Thus . So required rate of change of distance at t = 2 is. 58. Letbe the error in the measurement of radius r. And be the error in the measurement of surface area. Here. So . That is, % error in S = 2(% error in r). As % error in S is no greater than 8%. So the largest % error in r is 4%. (a) The fence is on all the four sides of the pasture. So 2(x + y)= 320. Thus y = 160 - x. Therefore the area A = xy = x(160 - x) =. . On equating it with 0, we get x = 80. So y = 80. These dimensions give maximum area. 28. The traffic speed is given by. Where t represents the time in hours measured 0 at noon. So . The critical values are given by. Or . Thus t = 1 and t = 5. Also . It is -ve for t = 1 and is +ve for t = 5. Therefore, the traffic speed is fastest at 1 hour past noon that is at 1:00 pm. It is slowest at 5 hours past noon that is at 5:00 pm. 30. Let the breadth = x in. So the length = 2x in. If height = y in, then the . Thus . Now the area of the four walls and the bottom equals. The area of the top is. Therefore cost of the material used is. Its derivative can be equated with zero to get the value of x. 40. Let the coffee break occurs after x hours.

International criminal law (ICC) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

International criminal law (ICC) - Essay Example They used the court, to execute most of the people who were in the Adolf administration for the atrocities they had caused them during their rule. Furthermore, the international criminal tribunal for Yugoslavia has also been exercising victors justice. There has been minimal number of prosecutions against the Serbs compared to Croats or members of other groups involved in the conflict. A small number of Serbs were persecuted despite the fact that 86 percent of the civilian killings were perpetrated by the Serbians or those people that they controlled (Sander, 105). Further, such claims again have been experienced in the Rwanda’s international criminal tribunal. The president of Rwanda refused to provide information that was necessary to prosecute Tutsis who were the most affected during the 1994 genocide. On the other hand, the same tribunals for perpetrating crimes against humanity at that time have prosecuted a number of Hutus. Most recently with the international criminal law, Laurent Gbagbo was arrested by the courts and indicted for crimes against humanity. However, Alasane Ouattra supporters who took the place of Laurent as the president and referred him to The Hague were left free. Thus, it is arguable that most of the international criminal law is most of the time bent to delivering victors

Learning Team Reflection Summary Essay Example for Free

Learning Team Reflection Summary Essay The following we will discuss what as a class we have learned as well what can be applicable to our workplace or in our personal life. Also how our knowledge has increased as a result of what we experienced through the learning activities in the previous week. Our group decided to emphasize on Herb’s concoction and Martha’s Dilemma: The Case of the Deadly Fertilizer. We enjoyed as a group that the class read this dilemma and between the groups everyone got to discuss their opinion. The story about how Martha Wang who worked as a Consumer Affairs Department of a company called Herb’s Garden Products. Also was relatively new to the company and everyone else has been there for years. One day she gets a call from a dissatisfied customer who complained that Herb’s Special Fertilizer Mix killed her beloved dog. There after Martha takes down the consumer name and number and goes to her boss with the information. Her boss who happens to be Herb’s nephew brushes her off by laughing about the matter. Then to make matter worst she gets a call from Herb himself and which whispered to her that Herb’s special fertilizer is our best seller, and not to let them down. At the end of the story everyone had to answer the decision that Martha had to face and challenges? As well what we would recommendation we had for the company facing this situation? Our group felt that Martha’s dilemma has one way or another happen to each and one of us in some sort a way. As per the class discussion it seemed that everyone had at least once had this dilemma. In our group we had mix feeling about it for example some of us believed Martha should just leave the matter alone if she wanted to continue with her job. The rest of us believed there were a better ways of handling the situation than just ignoring it and that would be by investigating the situation further. Our thoughts were to ask her boss to permit Martha to follow an investigation on the matter to support the company’s good name; of course we all agreed that with the company’s permission of course. We discussed that if Martha persuades her company that the investigation would be for the company’s best of interest. That she would try to prove that the incident with this costumer was not caused by the company’s product, therefore any future complaints the company would have an answer which would help them defended them self’s. As per the company we discussed that they as well should support Martha and give her the tools need to back up the company. As a example given by one of our team members that his company has a full staff created to investigate any complaints from a consumer making sure there were any bad batch sent out to the customer and if so to recall that batch. It was interesting for our group to see we were not the only ones feeling both ways and that there were other groups with the similar opinions on the subject matter. We heard other explain their personal experience and that leaving the matter alone was the best way to handle it. As well those who took the lost the dog very personal and believed that an explanation or investigation would be much needed or ethical. This class has increased a least our group knowledge by discussing different types of situations and listening to other people’s point of views on the matter. We have learned a lot on planning, ethics, innovation, diversity, technology and how it affects all us in the business world, especially how to approach certain situation or other ways to handle them. One thing is for certain we are all egger to see what our next three weeks would be like.

Aggressive Children in the School Enviornment Essay -- Special Educati

Many children come to school with behavior problems that impede their learning and disrupt the learning of other children. As early as preschool as many as twenty-five percent of children demonstrate problematic behaviors which place them at risk for future negative school experiences (Conroy, Sutherland, Haydon, Stormont, Harmon, 2009). These children exhibit aggression, defiance, bullying of others, poor work habits, and acting out in class. Many teachers feel frustrated as they spend the majority of their classroom management time on the same few children each day. Researchers (Conroy, Sutherland, Haydon, Stormont, Harmon, 2009) suggest that around 70% of behavior management time is spent on the same 20% of student. Ratcliff. Jones, Costner, Savage-Davis, and Hunt (2010) found a pattern of student misbehavior followed by attempts to correct the behavior that failed, resulting in increased time and attention on misbehavior instead of instruction. Over the course of several years of negative interactions these students begin to see themselves as failures. Henricsson and Rydell (2004) have noted that self-perception is formed through interactions with others and the reduced number of positive interactions children with behavior problems experience put them at risk for low-self esteem. Henricsson and Rydell (2004) also note teacher criticism is associated with student stress, increased feelings of helplessness, and increased negative self-judgments. Many children with severe behavior problems have significant emotional trauma, serious emotional losses, and deficits in social skills. These problems are often never officially diagnosed or professionally treated despite theeffects on the children. Kehel, Bray, and Theodore (2004... ... Abrams, L., & Vo, A. (2010). Improving Interactions Between Teachers and Young Children with Problem Behavior: A Strengths-Based Approach. Exceptionality, 18(2), 70-81. Delveaux, K. D., & Daniels, T. (2000). Children's social cognitions: physically and relationally aggressive strategies and children's goals in peer conflict situations. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 46(4), 672-692. Morrow, M. T., Hubbard, J. A., Rubin, R. M., & McAuliffe, M. D. (2008). The Relation between Childhood Aggression and Depressive Symptoms: The Unique and Joint Mediating Roles of Peer Rejection and Peer Victimization. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 54(3), 316-340. Fleming, C. B., Haggerty, K. P., & Catalano, R. F. (2005). Do Social and Behavioral Characteristics Targeted by Preventive Interventions Predict Standardized Test Scores and Grades?. Journal Of School Health, 75(9), 342-349.

The Struggle for Power in “The Yellow Wallpaper, ” “Daddy, ” and “Editha”

American Literature 9 March 2013 The Struggle for Power in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† â€Å"Daddy,† and â€Å"Editha† Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s piece, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† (written in 1890, published in 1892), is a semi-autobiographical piece that, although believed to be a result of her severe postpartum depression, illustrates the difficulties faced by women during the Women’s Movement. These difficulties are further illustrated by the similarly semi-autobiographical poem, based on Plath’s father and husband, â€Å"Daddy† by Sylvia Plath (written in 1962, published in 1965).These gender roles are then reversed in â€Å"Editha,† (written in 1898, published in 1905) which has been said to be William Dean Howells’s response to the Spanish-American War. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, â€Å"Daddy† by Sylvia Plath and â€Å"Editha† by William Dean Howells all ill ustrate the conflict in gender roles during the Women’s Movement in 19th and 20th Centuries. From the beginning, the narrator in Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† allows men, especially her husband, John, to be superior to her.As a physician, he orders her to stay in bed and discontinue anything stimulating, such as being imaginative or writing. Though she feels better when she writes, and feels it may be beneficial, she does not speak against John but writes in private: â€Å"Personally I disagree with their ideas. Personally, I believe that congenial work, with excitement and change, would do me good. But what is one to do? † By asking the end question, she essentially states that she is not her husband’s equal and has no choice but to listen, and is accepting of this.She even follows John’s orders even when he is not present to enforce them: â€Å"John says the very worst thing I can do is to think about my condition, and I confess it always makes me feel bad. So I will let it alone and talk about the house. † This reaction can be compared to what many people experience today with doctors. Although people usually know what will make themselves feel better, they will most often follow the advice of a doctor instead, simply because physicians are figures of authority. The narrator knows that writing and socializing would help and clearly wants to recover rom her illness, but she allows her husband and brother, who is also a respected physician, to control her treatment. The woman's description of the wallpaper is symbolic of the evolution of her illness. The wallpaper, upon first introduction and description, fully illustrates how the woman regards her illness: â€Å"It is dull enough to confuse the eye in following, pronounced enough to constantly irritate and provoke study, and when you follow the lame uncertain curves for a little distance they suddenly commit suicide-plunge off at outrageous angles, des troy themselves in unheard of contradictions. As Paula A. Triechler states in her paper, â€Å"Escaping the Sentence: Diagnosis and Discourse in ‘The Yellow Wallpaper,’† â€Å"Like all good metaphors, the yellow wallpaper is variously interpreted by readers to represent (among other things) the â€Å"pattern† which underlies sexual inequality, the external manifestation of neurasthenia, the narrator's unconscious, the narrator's situation within patriarchy† (3). This portrays not only how the woman feels about herself and her illness, but also the effect of her husband’s orders.The â€Å"lame uncertain curves† are likely a reference to her husband’s treatment orders, and â€Å"suicide† could very well be the result if followed. The â€Å"unheard of contradictions† express the faultiness of John's methods. At one point she describes his contradictions: â€Å"he says no one but myself can help me out of it, that I m ust use my will and self-control and not let any silly fancies run away with me,† yet, he does not allow her to do as she wills. She describes writing as a relief, but because John has instructed her to stop writing, she lets her imagination run with the lines of the wallpaper.The more she allows her mind to wander, the more confident she becomes, which is reflective in her description of the woman in the wallpaper. The initial description of this woman is of her â€Å"stooping down and creeping about. † The woman in the wallpaper is a direct reflection of the narrator’s confidence and feelings of inferiority, and the change they undergo. Initially, the woman in the wall symbolizes the narrator’s fear of presenting herself and her opinions, and being her husband’s equal. She begins to display a building confidence in herself, and an almost amused view of John's orders.When John tells her that she seems to be doing well, in spite of the wallpaper, sh e has to stop herself from openly laughing. It is at this point, where she is building confidence in herself, that she begins to see the woman in the wallpaper more clearly. She states, â€Å"I think that woman gets out in the daytime! And I’ll tell you why — privately — I've seen her! † symbolizing her confidence beginning to emerge. Finally, she allows herself to be fully confident; she allows her mind to fully explore the wallpaper. The lines, â€Å"then I peeled off all the paper I could reach standing on the floor.It sticks horribly and the pattern just enjoys it,† symbolizes the destruction of that which limits her. One may argue that she has had a psychotic break, but the intention of these lines is to show the narrator gaining confidence. As Gilman says herself in an article submitted to the October 1913 issue of The Forerunner regarding her treatment: â€Å"then, using the remnants of intelligence that remained [†¦] I cast the noted specialist's advice to the winds and went to work again—work [†¦] in which is joy and growth and service, without which one is a pauper and a parasite–ultimately recovering some measure of power. This is the same message as the last lines of the story; â€Å"I've got out at last,† she says to John, â€Å"in spite of you and Jane. And I've pushed off most of the paper so you can't put me back† meaning she can no longer be told what she must do and she is now in control, creeping over the fainted John. Similarly, Sylvia Plath illustrates the path she took to break free, from the memory of her father, in her poem â€Å"Daddy. † Plat compares the confinement her father’s memory has created to a shoe, that for thirty years, she was trapped in, too scared to â€Å"dare to breathe or Achoo. Throughout the poem, Plath uses similes and metaphors to give a dramatic view on the relationship between herself and her father. Plath aligns gypsies and Jewish people with the female figure, and she aligns German Nazis with both male figures, she employs these comparisons to draw women as victims and men as persecutors. Plath continues this description of confinement by saying she is a Jew in â€Å"Dachau, Auschwitz, Belsen. † She continually describes her father as black, and even tells her father: You stand at the blackboard, daddy, In the picture I have of you,A cleft in your chin instead of your foot But no less a devil for that, no not Any less the black man who Bit my pretty red heart in two. She resents her father for abandoning her, yet she still feels bound to his memory, so much so that after burying him at the age of ten, she attempted suicide at twenty trying to â€Å"get back, back, back† to him (â€Å"Daddy† 59). Plath further illustrate this confinement to his memory by explain she married a man who, essentially, was her father but after 7, metaphorically, killed her husband thus freeing her of t he memories of her father. As Guinevara A.Nance and Judith P. Jones explain in â€Å"On ‘Daddy,’† Plath accomplishes, through the use of relative chronological sequencing of childhood memories, and on through the attempted suicide â€Å"to the point at thirty when the woman tries to extricate herself from her image of daddy, is a dramatization of the process of psychic purgation in the speaker† (par. 3). While â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and â€Å"Daddy† are stories illustrating women breaking free, â€Å"Editha,† by William Dean Howells, is a story of a woman who desires to overpower her betrothed and by doing so pushes him into war.Editha wants a hero in William Dean Howells’s â€Å"Editha† and will not stop short of persuading her betrothed to go off to war to achieve this dream. In this short story gender differences are at play, but in reverse: Editha feels a patriotic duty to her country even if that means going off to war, while George sees war as absurd. In addition, as Philip Furia from the University of Minnesota states in â€Å"Editha†: The Feminine View, Editha’s idealistic mind set is tainted by her â€Å"unconscious desire to disarm her lover† (279).This unconscious desire is illustrated by her excitement in regards to the war, the possibility of George being maimed and her belief that he will be perfect if he enlists. Upon hearing of the war declaration Editha immediately thinks of George and how glorious it would be if he were a war hero. She feels it is a man’s patriotic duty to serve his country, in war; however, she hardly perceives the sacrifice of enlisting, in most cases that sacrifice being the enlisted’s life. Editha is focused on a picture of perfection and how she will appear to others as the woman betrothed to a heroic solider.She believes he would be perfect and worthy of her love if he enlists. George’s feelings about war are qui et opposite and he voices this when he asks â€Å"is it glorious to break the peace of the world? † (â€Å"Editha† par. 9). He clearly finds war to be unnecessary but this belief vanishes after he goes drinking with friends. He then returns to Editha’s house, drunk, to boast about enlisting and his title of Captain. Editha is delighted with his enlistment, even after George tells her of his father, who lost an arm in the Civil War.This story, instead of scaring her as George intends, thrills Editha; she becomes fascination with the idea of George needing her two arms, which would give her superiority (Furia 280). Editha’s preoccupation with overpowering George is evident in her reaction to him, drunkenly, recounting enlisting after which he kisses her in a manner very â€Å"unlike him, that made her feel as if she had lost her old lover and found a stranger in his place,† she finds that â€Å"within her wilfulness she [has] been frightened by a se nse of subtler force in him [sic]† (â€Å"Editha† para. 4). After George has announced his enlistment, Editha is delighted with his near-perfection, but this near-perfection is lost when George’s name is on the list of those killed. She reels not only from grief but from disbelief because her idealistic picture did not include this and, for that reason, she cannot grasp how it could possibly be. Editha goes to visit Mrs. Gearson, as George had asked before deploying, it is then that Editha cries; however, Editha cries with relief because she feels in Mrs.Gearson’s accusation, that girls and women â€Å"think [the soldiers will] come marching back, somehow, just as gay as they went, or if it's an empty sleeve, or even an empty pantaloon, it's all the more glory, and they're so much the prouder of them, poor things! † she has been understood (â€Å"Editha† par. 118). These three pieces delve into the theme of gender inequality which, during the time these pieces were written, was being questioned and changed through the Women’s Movement.These pieces provide three different views of gender conflict: wife versus the superior husband in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† daughter versus father and later wife versus husband in â€Å"Daddy,† and man versus the woman who desires superiority in â€Å"Editha. † Works Cited â€Å"Daddy by Sylvia Plath. † Internal. org Poets. N. p. , n. d. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. â€Å"Editha. † William Dean Howells's Short Story. Readbookonline. net, n. d. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. Furia, Philip. â€Å"‘Editha’: The Feminine View. † American Literary Realism, 1870-1910 12. 2 (1979): 278-282. JSTOR. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. Gilman, Charlotte P. Gilman, Why I Wrote The Yellow Wallpaper. † The Department of History. The College of Staten Island/CUNY, 08 June 1999. Web. 01 Feb. 2013. Nance, Guinevara A. , and Judith P. Jones. â€Å"On ‘Daddy’† Modern American Poetry. University of Illinois English Department, n. d. Web. 1 Mar. 2013. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. † Electronic Text Center. University of Virginia Library, n. d. Web. 01 Feb. 2013. Treichler, Paula A. â€Å"Escaping the Sentence: Diagnosis and Discourse in ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’†Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature. 3. 1/2 (1984): 61-77. JSTOR. Web. 01 Feb. 2013.

General motors, accounting theory and receivership Essay

Accounting theory is a wide ranging and comprehensive analysis and practice of management accounting and modern financial accounting. This function is accomplished through provision of a theoretical framework that assists in appreciating and understanding the purpose of various accounting practices. Business wise, the theory provides its linkage with modern accounting processes and the impacts of the procedures on business performance or operations. The theory is preferred because it goes beyond the theory, idea and thought analysis to incorporate holistic views of the influence of cultural and historical regulations and impacts on real world business environment (Madsen, 1999, p. 12). Receivership is a scenario under which gives an order to place a property under receivers control so that preservations for affected fellows can be done through it. In a case where a company is failing, actions brought forth by its creditors can place the business under receivership. The business does not cease to operate but is subjected to receiver’s management. In several cases, the court appoints a person to liquidate, rehabilitate, conserve or administer assets belonging to the insolvent corporation, in efforts made ultimately to relief or protect creditors. It therefore doesn’t lead to termination of corporate charter, but serves as a solution to financial difficulty. The dominion controller of the property subject to legal action is known as the receiver. In most cases, receivership is valued as an extraordinary remedy (Dubin, 1947, p. 10). This is because it is us4d to take care of a property when it is required for prosecution of lawsuit. This is especially when a danger is perceived that the property may be removed or dissipated form the courts jurisdiction in a failure to appoint a receiver. It is a process that only takes place through a court order, utilization only in exceptional circumstances. It may involve of not the consent of the owner of the property. General Motors is a company in the United States of America, dealing with motor based accessories, facilities and equipments. It is a company that is recognized as an economy mover not only in US but also in the global economy. However of late, the future of the company is hard to tell because it is subjected to several challenges of receivership, a process that is not only affecting its financial stability but also shaking its social fabric. United States uses a basic form of financial information in assessing the viability of corporations (Gordon, 2005, p. 17). In its capital markets, the general purpose financial statements used include profit and loss statements, balance sheets, statements of cash flows and statements of changes in equity. The nation also obtains extra information from footnotes. The extra information may include accounting procedures and policies utilized in preparing the financial statements, composition and the nature of balances reflected in the financial documents and other disclosure and matters that may be considered relevant for fairness to be upheld in the financial documentation process. US securities registrants also make periodic, quarterly and annual fillings (Belkaoui, 1991, p. 34). These fillings provide supplemental and additional information concerning statistical analysis, descriptions of significant risk factors, major operation locations and units, properties and plants, services and products and company’s business. The legal framework also requires operations to do with management’s discussion and analysis, assessment of liquidity risks and liquidities and certain supplementary schedules. Critical consideration and analysis of the above information gives a corporations financial status and its ability to serve the creditors and satisfy the requirements by the law (Cheffins, 1997, p. 15). The question on whether General Motors is in full consideration of ethical aspects in the process of receivership is subject to various influences. To some point, it may be ethical and fail at some points. This is because the receivership process has got some benefits to both the company itself and the shareholders, meaning that the process may lead to ethical grounds of treatment. On the other hand, the process has its own disadvantages to itself and stakeholders, this representing the degree of ethical deviation. For the time being, the company has received a mounting pressure to convince Washington that the bankruptcy of the company does not turn out catastrophically to the national economy. It is anticipated that if this happens, millions of job opportunities will be lost, tax payers will have to pay more than $100 billion and therefore lead the economy into a severe depression. Because of this threat, Barrack Obama, Harry Reed and Nancy Pelosi have called for an auto bailout of the company (Rae, 1959, p. 16). The decision to get into a receivership supports the argument that the company is ethical to some extend. This is because receivership is the alternative of bankruptcy which is worse. Bankruptcy paralyses every thing in a company and soils the continuity of the company, stakeholders and the national economy as a whole. Surrendering to receivership deal is showing the concern of the company towards their stakeholders, national economy and the global economy. In one special consideration, if the company failed to engage in a receivership deal, all dealers and suppliers from all over the globe would be jobless (Bonbright, 1982, p. 19). To escape from employee assaults, receivership make sure all employees are not pay off and the operations of the company continue running though under courts monitory. The control by court gives hope and protects the rights of the stakeholders. Reflecting unemployment as a worldwide challenge, it cloud be bad for companies to advocate and engage in business strategies that increase unemployment. Again, the business ethics are tied to respect and compensation of employees as a major priority, because it is believed they form the production propellers. Without employees, an organization can hardly run and this is the reason as to why General Motors has been regarded as ethical for giving employees the best treat the company could afford during this financial challenge (Gordon, 2005, p. 17). If General Motors could not strike this deal, it is a possibility that it would have broken up and sold to other companies that may be foreign or domestic. In this case, stakeholders would have lost everything, workers would have lost and management fired. This is a clear indication that receivership is attributed to less stigma. The decision of rushing to this line of management has been seen to release the stigma of the management, country and the clients in question. This is because the operations are still on and under strict surveillance by court administration (Gordon, 2005, p. 16). Therefore, America as a nation, its citizens and stakeholders still have hopes that the company will reinstall its functioning. According to the accounting theory, it is always advisable to be a risk taker but to certain limits. Once the balancing of the accounting section fails, it is also provided that accountants or administration should surrender and allow advanced cross data analysis. This is a measure made to minimize the exposure to risks that may render an organization non functional. Business receivership increases chances of a troubled business survival. To revive the proceedings of the business almost to normalcy level, it is essential to put in place new management to help discover the errors of the old management. This increases the probability of the business survival (Bonbright, 1982, p. 19). The reason as to why many people may believe that GM is not serving its function and failing is because the American economy itself is under its steepest drop in 20 years time, recording foreclosures at highest levels, stock market performing the poorest for five years and a decaying consumer confidence. It should be understood that the cause of the GMs challenge is also contributed to by the economic environment of the country and also the global economy, which is in a recession. It is said that General Motors is in the verge of bankruptcy. In December 2008, the consumer confidence in the company has dropped to its lowest levels possible. Because of these difficulties, the federal government announced that the economy has been in a recession as from December 2007. This company applied for this protection from creditors because according to how the situation was, a red ink had mounted an issue which was realized through a cash flow collapse and amid falling sales. The company made the unavoidable choice in efforts of filing court intervention in dealing with urgent liquidity crisis and therefore seeks for transformation towards sustainability. According to the stock market, the company’s shares had dropped with nearly 85 percent and were in turn suspended. The company was unable to meet its payroll in December 2008. GM is observed to have small domestic rivals but its state is closely being watched to face amid turmoil in auto industry. The failure of this company has also been ignited by the global financial crisis that has plunged the demand for vehicles (Rae, 1959, p. 17). According to the nature of accounting, it is described as a process of communicating, measuring and identifying economic information to facilitate decisions by the information users and permit informed judgments to take place. This has been taken as a statement of basic accounting theory, supporting the ideology that economy or entrepreneurial progress is a concern of stakeholders, and information should be exposed with a lot of freedom and accuracy. In regards to the General Motors, the move to receivership is a strategy to allow access to documents and pave way for new judgments to be made but separate entities. This is highly appreciated in the theory of accounting because it improves the creativity of the company in management activities and help reconstruction of the company. Failure to communicate information is not ethical. This is because if GM was not ethical it could only give up at times of complete insolvency or bankruptcy. Under the accounting theory, measuring and communicating information involves observation of events and transactions of the firm and measuring the transactions as well. Financial report is then released, which serves as a message to help the healing process. After the interpretation of the message, an image of the firm is obtained and then used as a basis of decision making. The adjustments that are possible in case of the above company will be based on accounting discoveries and recommendations. The allowance of experts into the scrutiny process is a show of responsiveness to the reform process and the willingness to be corrected (Rae, 1959, p. 17). As the above takes place, the receiver has acted as the referee of the proceedings, playing a trustee duty to the court. This receiver has maximized the value of General Motors Company and its assets. The receiver is also taking the best ways possible to protect shareholders and creditors involved in the saga of this company. With time, the receiver may often liquidate the assets and shut it down but this is not the case in the united stases of America. The fate of the company therefore rests on the possibility of the company coming back operation, the amount of remaining money and the causes of the business problems. If events prove that there is no hope for the company in the long run, the acting receiver would make sure that every partner involved benefits from the scrape value of the venture. If it is finally ruled the company should be sold as a going concern, the price tag can improved because for the value added by the receiver. This description makes receivership of its concern more sensitive to its creditors, clients and creditors (Bonbright, 1982, p. 18). With all the above arguments describing General Motors as ethical, the path that the company followed to this far is on the other hand questionable both in human resource management and financial accounting. If the company was so ethical, such difficulties could be detected earlier and protected. It will be then very accurate that the company should have participated in financial fraud. Fraudulence and material misstatement is believed to have led the company to this saga, completely going against accounting ethics of transparency, accuracy and accountability. At international levels, the company is said to have defied from accounting theory by either overstating revenues, understating expenses, omitting some liabilities, overstating assets, failure in transactions, disclosure and accounting events, mischaracterization, disclosures that may be misleading in concerns of MD&A, products and services, liquidity and liquidity risks or in supplemental information. Inclusively, the country may also have created fictitious assets, omitted actual liabilities or improper reflect of transactional timing. The above frauds are all outlawed in the financial accounting theory, which the above company may not have adhered to, leading to the present massacre (Rae, 1959, p. 16). Still to show discontentment of the company as far as accounting theory is concerned, receivables and revenues recognized prematurely should be given a special treatment in the accounting process, an error that General Motor sis believed to have committed and thus failed to meet its payroll in December 2008. The cost of production of the company has been observed to increase before the fall magnified and collapsed the functioning of the company. Through accounting theory, this may have been caused by deferring the reconnection of costs or purchases, improperly overstating the value of inventories or improper treatment of overhead or indirect expenses. According to the outcry of the General Motor employees, there must have been a delayed recognition of associated provision expenses before this downfall. Contingencies have been detected in form of litigation reserves, product and warranty liability reserves sales return allowances and doubtful accounts allowances. According to the nature of the controversy in the company’s financial statements, creation of fictitious probably took place. It involved recording of associated fictitious receivables, fictitious revenues, fictitious inventory and therefore underestimation of cost of goods sold (Madsen, 1999, p. 13). Accounting theory and practice of accountants firmly argue against exclusive frauds, which definitely drive corporations and businesses to the situations comparable to the ones of General Motors. The exclusion concerns liabilities and other obligations such as contingencies, guarantees and commitments, all of which affect the balance sheet status. The effect of such exclusions is understatement of expenses such as environment cleanup expenses, litigation expense provisions, judgment liabilities, litigation reserves debt losses such as undisclosed commitments, guarantees and debt related contingencies. This category also incorporates direct charge off reserves and impairment of unconsolidated assets like partnerships, joint ventures and equity investments. All the above exclusive frauds lead to overstatement of liquidity measures and understatement of company’s total liabilities and interest expense (Dubin, 1947, p. 11). As far as accounting theory is concerned, the company is believed to have defied the provisions of the theory with big margins. This is because if the company had carefully taken into concern the above errors, the turmoil could not have resulted. Again, even if it could occur, the margin could not be alarming. The accounting discrepancies that many leaders in America have felt brought the company down are pushing them to propose a complete turmoil of the company. The above fraud description illustrates that receivership of the company was not the best precautionary measure to take, but instead accounting theory prescriptions should consistently have been upheld by the company and thus prevent this fall. This means that the company is not as ethical as people may be thinking. Ethics are attributes in which every member of a certain setting performs or delivers his or her responsibility with all affordable sincerity and fairness. This involves consideration of the cultural expectations when in such environment, social aspects and the particular work ethics. If frauds comparable to the ones above take place, this means that a section of the staff is not sincere and so non ethical. Therefore it may also make sense to say the company is not so ethical (Belkaoui, 1991, p. 35). To add on this, an ethical institution is always the interest of the public because of the confidence they attach to them. The subsequent and rapid drop in the confidence of this company is an indication that it wasn’t an ethical organization which citizens could understand the scenario as a normal challenge and therefore continue supporting it. Because receivership is a lame way of solving the problem, the structural framework has to be strengthened if the company happens to revive as a going concern. If efforts to revive the company fail, it would also be wise to go for the bankruptcy option. Together with the disadvantages of this option, it may ultimately emerge as stronger form with lower cost structure. To supplement this, the government can undertake a bailout to add new capital, replace management, write down the debt and preserve most of the jobs. To conclude, receivership of General Motors can not be seen as a solution as per now but it is time to tell, especially according the economic trends. Still, it is hard to tell whether the company is ethical, since it posses both weak and strong elements of ethical practices (Cheffins, 1997, p. 15). Bibliography Belkaoui Ahmed (1991). Accounting in the dual economy. Westport, CT: Quorum Books; pp. 34,35. Bonbright James (1982). The holding company: Its public significance and its regulation. New York: McGraw Hill Books; pp. 18,19. Cheffins Brian (1997). Company law: Theory, structure and operation. New York: Clarendon Press, Clarendon; pp. 15. Dubin Robert (1947). United automobile (CIO), general motors and Studebaker. Science Research Associates; United States, pp. 10, 11. Gordon Robert (2005). Business leadership in the large corporation. New York: Brookings Institution; pp. 16,17. Madsen Axel (1999). The deal maker: How William C. Durant made general motors. New York: John Wiley & sons; pp. 12, 13. Rae John (1959). American automobile manufacturers: The first forty years. Chilton, Washington; pp. 16, 17.

Relief Workers in Ontario 1930s essays

Relief Workers in Ontario 1930s essays MacDowells article about Relief workers in the 1930s in Ontario focuses on young unmarried men and describes the hardships faced during the depression. Married men with families were given priority in employment and municipal aid was primarily given to families as well. As a result, many young men became transients roaming from place to place trying to find work. The government became worried that these men would be easy prey for radical ideas. To avert revolution relieve unemployment the government developed relief work camps. Many historians wonder about the value of these camps, but MacDowell argues that the relief workers achieved important results. Many permanent results were achieved in public works at an insignificant cost to the government but were somewhat limited due to government policy that would not allow skilled labor to be used in the camps. The reason the camps were created was to find employment for wandering, young unmarried men and this goal was met. Laurel MacDowell is a professor of Canadian Social History at the University of Toronto. She concentrates on the history of the working class and has written several books on the subject. Her sources include many primary sources that describe the state of the relief program including the militarys Final Report detailing the effectiveness and conditions of the camps. Her arguments, therefore, are very legitimate. To prove her point about the amount of actual work accomplished, MacDowell cites many examples of projects completed or nearly completed by the workers. The workers made no wages, but were allowed twenty cents per day in disposable income to spend how they wished. The food rations were very small and there was very little to be done for recreation. As a result morale was low and workers had nothing to lose. Many workers did not work to their full potential and would often only work for a few days and then leave. ...

World War II - Curtiss P-40 Warhawk

World War II - Curtiss P-40 Warhawk First flying on October 14, 1938, the P-40 Warhawk traced its roots to the earlier P-36 Hawk. A sleek, all-metal monoplane, the Hawk entered service in 1938 after three years of test flights. Powered by a Pratt Whitney R-1830 radial engine, the Hawk was known for its turning and climbing performance. With the arrival and standardization of the Allison V-1710 V-12 liquid-cooled engine, the US Army Air Corps directed Curtiss to adapt the P-36 to take the new power plant in early 1937. The first effort involving the new engine, dubbed the XP-37, saw the cockpit moved far to the rear and first flew in April. Initial testing proved disappointing and with international tensions in Europe growing, Curtiss decided to pursue a more direct adaptation of the engine in the form of the XP-40. This new aircraft effectively saw the Allison engine mated with the airframe of the P-36A. Taking flight in October 1938, testing continued through the winter and the XP-40 triumphed at the US Army Pursuit Contest staged at Wright Field the following May. Impressing the USAAC, the XP-40 demonstrated a high degree of agility at low and medium altitudes though its single-stage, single-speed supercharger led to a  weaker performance at higher altitudes. Eager to have a new fighter with war looming, the USAAC placed its largest fighter contract to date on April 27, 1939, when it ordered 524 P-40s at a cost of $12.9 million. Over the next year, 197 were built for the USAAC with several hundred being ordered by the Royal Air Force and French Armà ©e de lAir which were already engaged in World War II. P-40 Warhawk - Early Days P-40s entering British service were designated Tomahawk Mk. I. Those destined for France were re-routed to the RAF as France was defeated before Curtiss could fill its order. The initial variant of the P-40 mounted two .50 caliber machine guns firing through the propeller as well as two .30 caliber machines guns mounted in the wings. Entering combat, the P-40s lack of a two-stage supercharger proved a great hindrance as it could not compete with German fighters such as the Messerschmitt Bf 109 at higher altitudes. In addition, some pilots complained that the aircrafts armament was insufficient. Despite these failings, the P-40 possessed a longer range than the Messerschmitt, Supermarine Spitfire, and Hawker Hurricane as well as proved capable of sustaining a tremendous amount of damage. Due to the P-40s performance limitations, the RAF directed the bulk of its Tomahawks to secondary theaters such as North Africa and the Middle East. P-40 Warhawk - In the Desert Becoming the primary fighter of the RAFs Desert Air Force in North Africa, the P-40 began to thrive as the bulk of aerial combat in the region took place below 15,000 feet. Flying against Italian and German aircraft, British and Commonwealth pilots exacted a heavy toll on enemy bombers and eventually forced the replacement of the Bf 109E with the more advanced Bf 109F. In early 1942, DAFs Tomahawks were slowly withdrawn in favor of the more heavily armed P-40D which was known as the Kittyhawk. These new fighters allowed the Allies to maintain air superiority until being replaced by Spitfires that were altered for desert use. Beginning in May 1942, the majority of DAFs Kittyhawks transitioned to a fighter-bomber role. This change led to a higher attrition rate to enemy fighters. The P-40 remained in use during the Second Battle of El Alamein that fall and until the end of the North Africa campaign in May 1943. P-40 Warhawk - Mediterranean While the P-40 saw extensive service with the DAF, it also served as the primary fighter for the US Army Air Forces in North Africa and the Mediterranean in late 1942 and early 1943. Coming ashore with American forces during Operation Torch, the aircraft achieved similar results in American hands as pilots inflicted heavy losses on Axis bombers and transports. In addition to supporting the campaign in North Africa, P-40s also provided air cover for the invasion of Sicily and Italy in 1943. Among the units to use the aircraft in the Mediterranean was the 99th Fighter Squadron also known as the Tuskegee Airmen. The first African American fighter squadron, the 99th flew the P-40 until February 1944 when it transitioned to the Bell P-39 Airacobra. P-40 Warhawk - Flying Tigers Among the most famous users of the P-40 was the 1st American Volunteer Group which saw action over China and Burma. Formed in 1941 by Claire Chennault, the AVGs roster included volunteer pilots from the US military who flew the P-40B. Possessing a heavier armament, self-sealing fuel tanks, and pilot armor, the AVGs P-40Bs entered combat in late December 1941 and had success against a variety of Japanese aircraft including the noted A6M Zero. Known as the Flying Tigers, the AVG painted a distinctive sharks teeth motif on the nose of their aircraft. Aware of the types limitations, Chennault pioneered a variety of tactics to take advantage of the P-40s strengths as it engaged more maneuverable enemy fighters. The Flying Tigers, and their follow-on organization, the 23rd Fighter Group, flew the P-40 until November 1943 when it transitioned to the P-51 Mustang. Used by other units in the China-India-Burma Theater, the P-40 came to dominate the skies of the region and allowed the Allies to maintain air superiority for much of the war. P-40 Warhawk - In the Pacific The USAACs principal fighter when the US entered World War II following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the P-40 bore the brunt of the fighting early in the conflict. Also widely used by the Royal Australian and New Zealand Air Forces, the P-40 played key roles in the aerial contests associated with the battles for Milne Bay, New Guinea, and Guadalcanal. As the conflict progressed and distances between bases increased, many units began to transition to the longer-range P-38 Lightning in 1943 and 1944. This resulted in the shorter-range P-40 effectively being left behind. Despite being eclipsed by more advanced types, the P-40 continued to serve in secondary roles as a reconnaissance aircraft and forward air controller. By the final years of the war, the P-40 was effectively supplanted in American service by the P-51 Mustang. P-40 Warhawk - Production Other Users Through the course of its production run, 13,739 P-40 Warhawks of all types were built. A large number of these were sent to the Soviet Union via Lend-Lease where they provided effective service on the Eastern Front and in the defense of Leningrad. The Warhawk was also employed by the Royal Canadian Air Force who used it in support of operations in the Aleutians. Variants of the aircraft extended to the P-40N which proved to be the final production model. Other nations that employed the P-40 included Finland, Egypt, Turkey, and Brazil. The last nation utilized the fighter for longer than any other and retired their last P-40s in 1958. P-40 Warhawk - Specifications (P-40E) General Length:  31.67 ft.Wingspan:  37.33 ft.Height:  12.33 ft.Wing Area:  235.94 sq. ft.Empty Weight:  6.350 lbs.Loaded Weight:  8,280 lbs.Maximum Takeoff Weight:  8,810 lbs.Crew:  1 Performance Maximum Speed:  360 mphRange:  650 milesRate of Climb:  2,100 ft./min.Service Ceiling:  29,000 ft.Power Plant:  1 Ãâ€" Allison V-1710-39 liquid-cooled V12 engine, 1,150 hp Armament 6 Ãâ€" .50 in. M2 Browning machine guns250 to 1,000 lb. bombs to a total of 2,000 lb. Selected Sources Aviation History: P-40 WarhawkP-40 WarhawkMilitary Factory: P-40 Warhawk

Effective Communication in Cooperates Information Source Essay

Effective Communication in Cooperates Information Source - Essay Example Feedback during a presentation is a crucial indication of the level with which the information has been effectively conveyed. Thus, when preparing to make a presentation, a presenter must practice on the visual, verbal and vocal components of the communication. Practicing should be done aloud and should form a habit thus enabling changes on aspects that are not effective. Presentation equally comes with fear, anxiety and jitters; nevertheless, these could be overcome through a persistent practice. PowerPoint should be used in a presentation as a support tool and not as a principal component of the presentation. Additionally, breathing time for the audience should be provided in the presentation to enhance the audience attentiveness (Pagana, 2010). Nursing is one of the careers that highly uphold the significance of communication. During report giving and ward rounds, effective communication is vital for the incoming nurse to understand the interventions performed on the patient, and this would be greatly related to the patient’s care outcome. Having worked in several nursing stations, I have witnessed situations when ineffectiveness in communication among nurses compromise care given to the patient. When a nurse does not report that a particular patient is to be kept nil per oral (NPO) due to an impending CT scan, the incoming nurse would feed the patient thus making the performance of the test impossible. This is thus an indication of how effective and detailed communication is significant in nursing practice. Effective communication is crucial in nursing practice as it has a direct influence on the outcome of the patient. The nurses must thus developed a well-practiced systematic way of communicating, handing over reports.